The Treaty of Versailles (Ended WWI)

In 1919, World War One officially came to a close with the signing of a treaty. This was the Treaty of Versailles, handed over to the German government after a 6 month negotiation in the Paris Peace Conference. The treaty called for immediate peace between all countries, Germany to full fill neccessary reperations and debts, along with solving all territorial desputes. Even though very effective, The treaty of Versailles was also a very controversial document. Germany felt that it was unfair was because they were striped of all their over-sea colonies along with other peices of territory. But one major reason why the treaty caused so much controversy was because it called for the German empire to repay a debt, which consisted of an amount in the billions. This did not sit to well with a nation who had just came out of a war themselves, especially when they werent allowed a say in the negotiations.
After the treaty was put in place, Germany was affected in numerous ways. For example, when Germany lost all of its colonial territories, trade and income was affected greatly. With the loss of their colonies, Germany lost many businesses and companies. Besides losing money off of territorial loss, the reperations themselves put Germany in a massive debt.
These consequences can easily uspet the citizens in many ways. For example, some may feel that the world is against them, leading to groups and clans. Some known as Hitler and the Nazi party.

Film Lesson "Gandhi"

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, who was also known as Mohatma Gandhi, was born on October 2, 1869. He was called "Mohatma", which means great soul. He was commonly known as Mohatma because of all of his strides to help his people and make India an independant nation. In his life, Gandhi organized many movements and acts to show the British government that the people of India did not need them. Such acts consisted of the Salt March, the Civil Rights Movement in South Africa, and the Rowlatt Act Protests.
For example, in the Salt March, Gandhi lead his people on a 240 mile journey to the coast to collect their own salt to show that they did not need british products. This was inspired by the Salt Acts, which permitted India from acquiring salt from anyone else but British companies. In the civil rights movement in South Africa, Gandhi lead mine workers on strike.
Along side all of these movements, Gandhi stressed that the Indian people not fight back with the use of violence, but to receive the blow and not give the it. Gandhi's beleife behind this strategy was that if the Indian people do not fight back with force and violence, but with word of mouth and peace, that the Indian people could never lose while the British government takes into perspective the harm they have caused.
Even if Mohandis Gandhi was never born to this world, the nation of India would have eventually gained its independence. During World War I, the British government in India would gradually deplete due to the need of resourced and troops the war demanded. A short time after the end of WWI and the Treaty of Versailles, Britains colonial forces in India would decrease again to nothing or close to it due to the upcoming war. World War II.

Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk) and the Modernization of Turkey

Mustafa Kemal, born on my 19, 1881, was an army officer as well as the founder of the Republic of Turkey. Also known as Ataturk, which means father of the turks, he was a very good military commander. Kemal later lead the Turkish war of Independence which was also known as the Turkish National Movement. This eventually lead to Turkey's independence, and in the long term, Turkey's modernization.
As Turkey's founder and first president, Mustafa Kemal set many reforms. These reforms came in a variety, consisting of economical, political, and most improtant, cultural. Kemal's goals for his new reforms was to modernize Turkey and create a secular nation. Since most countries had church as a main part of government and daily life, Mustafa felt that getting rid of this would modernize the Republic of Turkey, therefore making it secular. The word secular means to not be overly or specifically religious.
Besides Ataturk's cultural reforms, his other set of reforms also strived towards the goal of modernizing the nation of Turkey. For example, one of Kemal's social reforms consisted of making Turkey, quote, " a state of the people and a state by the people." Also Kemal stressed on making Turkey a nation with no social classes or levels. By doing this, Mustafa Kemal launched Turkey ahead of most countries towards his goal of modernization.